VA Appraisal Modernization Act

This Act may be cited as the VA Appraisal Modernization Act.
Chapter 37 of title 38, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 3731 the following new section:
In this section:
The term appraisal fee means the compensation paid to an appraiser for conducting an appraisal of property in connection with a loan guaranteed, insured, or made under this chapter.
The term high-demand county means a county designated as a high-demand county under subsection (c).
The term remote county means a county designated as a remote county under subsection (c).
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of the VA Appraisal Modernization Act, the Secretary shall establish appraisal fees for purposes of this chapter.
On January 1, 2027, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall adjust the appraisal fees established under paragraph (1) to reflect the percentage of the increase, if any, in the purchase price of homes during the previous year, as determined by the quarterly purchase-only House Price Index published by the Federal Housing Finance Agency, rounded to the nearest $25.
The Secretary shall—
publish the appraisal fees established under this subsection on the publicly available website of the Department of Veterans Affairs; and
directly notify the appraisers on the list developed and maintained under section 3731(a)(3) of this title of such fees.
The Secretary shall designate a county as a high-demand county for purposes of this section if—
during the 90-day period preceding the date on which the designation is made—
the average time to complete an appraisal in the county exceeded the timeliness standard established under section 3731 of this title by more than three business days; or
more than 15 percent of appraisal assignments in the county were unassigned for five or more business days due to insufficient appraiser availability; or
the Secretary determines, based on data analysis and market conditions, that demand for appraisals in the county substantially exceeds available appraiser capacity.
The Secretary shall—
maintain a list of high-demand counties designated under subparagraph (A); and
on a quarterly basis, review and update such list.
The Secretary shall designate a county as a remote county for purposes of this section if—
there are fewer than five appraisers on the list developed and maintained under section 3731(a)(3) of this title within 30 miles of the county's geographic center;
the average distance traveled by an appraiser to complete an assignment in the county is greater than 40 miles one way; or
the Secretary determines that the county is characterized by low appraiser density relative to loan volume.
The Secretary shall—
maintain a list of remote counties designated under subparagraph (A); and
on a quarterly basis, review and update such list.
On January 1, 2027, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall increase the appraisal fee for appraisals made in high-demand counties to not less than 125 percent of the appraisal fee established under subsection (b).
In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary may increase the appraisal fee for appraisals made in a high-demand county to not more than 150 percent of the appraisal fee established under subsection (b) if the county has been designated as a high-demand county for four quarters or more.
For any appraisal made for purposes of this chapter in a high-demand county or remote county, the Secretary shall reimburse the appraiser for mileage at the rate prescribed by the Administrator of General Services under section 5707(b) of title 5 for use on official business of privately owned automobiles.
In this subsection, the term mileage means the round trip distance in miles between the appraiser’s place of business and the subject property.
The table of sections at the beginning of such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 3731 the following new item:
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall submit to the Committee on Finance of the Senate and the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives a report that includes the following:
An estimation of—
the effects of section 3731A of title 38, United States Code, as added by section 2, on government expenditures over time;
the impact of such section on the number of appraisers who join the appraisal network of the Department of Veterans Affairs;
the impact of such section on completion times for appraisals in high-demand counties; and
the impact of such section on the use of housing loans guaranteed, insured, or made under chapter 37 of title 38, United States Code.
Recommendations to prevent fraud, waste, and abuse in the implementation of such section.
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall—
conduct on a study on the feasibility and advisability of—
procuring contracts for home appraisers in areas where supply cannot meet demand; and
restructuring the appraisal process of the Department of Veterans Affairs to more closely mirror the appraisal process for loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration; and
submit to Congress, and make publicly available, a report on the results of such study.